What is Betta Fin Rot? Causes, Symptoms & Treatment
If you notice your Betta’s fins are withering away and disintegrating (and there aren’t any obvious causes like aquarium mates attacking your little guy), your bettas most likely have a case of Betta Fin Rot. It is a common disease found in the Bettas which is caused by gram-negative bacterial or fungal pathogens. Due to betta fin rot, the bacteria end up eating the entire fins of the fish.
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Causes of Betta Fin Rot
Fin and tail rot is common problem betta owners face, but what causes fin rot in bettas? Actually, Fin Rot is most often caused when the Betta is distressed due to poor water quality, overfeeding, expired food, overcrowding, and rough handling. If the water is not changed regularly, the leftover food particles and feces will decompose and contaminate the water.
If there are too many Betta in the tank or if too much food is placed in the tank, even regular water changes may not prevent the disease. The resultant stress on the Betta, lower their immunity thus making them very susceptible to attack from the bacteria and fungi present in their water. Only in very rare instances will Betta develop Fin Rot in spite of an impeccably maintained tank.
Fin rot in bettas is caused by either bacteria or fungi. But the fin rot caused by the fungi will spread fast as compared to bacteria.
Fungal Fin Rot
Sometimes it would be very difficult to identify the betta fin rot caused by fungus in the initial stages because you have to observe very carefully. If you notice the edges of the fins have some white patch or completely start turning white all of a sudden then this indicates that it is a betta fin rot caused by fungi. You should be very careful because if necessary action is not taken at the right time then it can spread rapidly and may cause more damage to the fish.
Bacterial Fin Rot
It is not like fungi which cause only rotting on the edges of the fins. This causes rotting anywhere on the body and will spread randomly. These bacteria only affect those bettas whose immune system is weak because of the various reasons mentioned above. And if not taken proper care the water will become a breeding place for the bacteria and will affect other betta fish and start rotting.
Symptoms of Betta Fish Fin & Tail Rot
The symptoms of the fin rot completely depend on which stage is it in currently or in other words the severity of the rotting.
If it has affected the tail or anus part it is very easy to identify and therefore can start the treatment fast which will eventually cause less damage to the fish. There are three stages.
Mild Fin Rot
In this stage, you will never notice the rotting on the body or anywhere close to the body. If you catch your fish in this stage then it is very easy to cure the illness. You will be able to find the edges of the betta’s fin turning slightly dark or brownish.
- The edges of the fin will start becoming rough, and start to tear which will slightly appear dirty if watched close enough.
- And you will also notice large white spots near the edges which alone is enough to say that it is suffering from mild fin rot.
Moderate fin rot
In this stage, you will be able to notice some drastic changes.
- Like the edges of the fins start’s becoming darker and darker day after day and instead of single fins falling off you will notice huge lumps of fins falling together which also destroys the beauty of the fish.
- You will observe a large white fuzz starts to develop around the fins of the betta and in some cases, a dark blood red spots start to appear on the edges of the fins instead of white spots.
- you will find all the fins approx 85-90% of then will be fallen off and the bloody color increases along with the inflammation.
Severe Fin Rot
- At first you were able to notice only white fuzz like appearance on the edges of the body but now you can see on the entire surface of the body. If the treatment is not started immediately then it will completely weaken the immune system and give way for other bacteria and microorganisms to enter and cause other diseases which may cause to death of the fish.
- In this stage, the fish will find it difficult in swimming because most of the fins are fallen and it will hardly float.
Treatment for Betta Tail & Fin Rot
How to treat Betta fin rot? First, you need to know at what stage of fin rot your fish is currently on and the treatment depends on the stages and varies accordingly.
Mild Fin Rot Treatment
- This is usually caused due to bad condition of water and is temporary and need not need much treatment.
- You just have to clean the water and the tank thoroughly and regularly for future preventions. Now here are a few things you need to watch out for before doing so.
- While changing the water the temperature must be at least 75-80 degrees Fahrenheit and the pH level of the water must be 7 or close to 7 small variations is fine. While changing the water you should not change the whole water at once, if you do like that your fish may die due to sudden temperature difference. Instead, you must take change with 50% of the old water with the fresh tap water and repeat the process until you fill it will all freshwater
- You should also clean the decoratives, gravels and the filter as some of the. bacteria that causes fin rot can be present in there.
- Take a gravel vacuum cleaner and remove all the gravels and wash them thoroughly with the soap even the decoratives and the filter.
Moderate Fin Rot Treatment
- If you do all the things mentioned above properly than it won’t take much time for the fish to fully recover from this disease.
- Well, first you have to remove the affected betta fish and put it into a separate tank preferable 1-2 gallons. If there were other betta tank mates then only clean the filter as it helps in retaining the good bacteria which plays a vital role in keeping the ammonia level balanced in the fish tank.
- If there was no other fishes along with that affected fish mates than you should clean full tank with soap and change the water.
- After you have transferred the fish you can treat the fish with aquarium salt. As it helps in healing the wound fast and naturally. But you need to fully dissolve the salt before the fish put in the tank. So first you can dissolve the new tank with the salt and then transfer the fish.
Severe Fin Rot Treatment
- First of all, you need to follow the same procedure you need to isolate the affected fish from the other fish mates in the quarantine tank with warm water. If you notice a white fuzzy type of texture on the edges of the fins then you should know that it is a severe condition.
- After you have done transferring, Well aquarium salt won’t help in this situation because it is very severe and it needs some anti-fungal and anti-biotics medicine. Use a proper dosage else it can make the bacteria and the fungal immune to the medicine and moreover it will kill the fish. So be very careful while treating it with medicine. Also, keep in mind following the above-mentioned procedure about the cleansing of the tank to get an effective result.
- And if done properly then you must notice that the fins start regrowing slowly and the dark patches start disappearing. And the fish starts healing.
Prevention
Water & Habitat
The water in the tank should be changed every one to two weeks with all decorations, pebbles, etc. thoroughly cleaned. It is also important to check the ph and the temperature of the water on a regular basis. All fish, particularly those with long flowing fins such as the Betta, have a tendency to contract Fin Rot when the temperature of the water is either too low or too warm for sustained periods of time. Betta fish love warm water as it has been originated from a tropical region where it has a temperature between 75-80 degrees Fahrenheit.
Keeping the water fresh can be achieved by keeping the ammonia level down which is caused by the continuous accumulation of the fish poop. The ammonia level can be reduced by using cycled aquarium which basically breaks down the ammonia into nitrate which is done by bacteria. If the tank is not clean then it will cause stress to the betta fish and which in turn will weaken the immune system and then you pretty much know what will happen next if the immune system weakens.
Betta Food
It is very important to feed your fish a proper diet because of betta fish love insects. Now, of course, you can’t buy it or go to your or someone else’s garden to start catching these insects. But if it is possible to farm some of these insects in your home then it would be best. But if you can not farm these insects, it is completely fine you can use food paste or some dry foods.
Remember to check that the food you are feeding your fish is fresh and do not overfeed. It is far better to give your fish smaller quantities of high-quality fresh food. Feeding your fish too much food at one time means there will be excess leftover food in the water, which in turn will increase the concentration of bacteria and fungi in the water.
Betta Handling
Be gentle and cautious when handling Betta. They are easily stressed if they are carelessly handled.
Keeping the habitat controlled, clean, and stress-free is the best way to ensure Betta’s continued health and the Betta owner’s continued enjoyment of this beautiful, showy fish.
FAQs About Betta Fin Rot
Do Fins Grow Back After Fin Rot?
Yes! definitely they gro back once the fish is fully recovered from the rotting but the time that it will take will vary. Because it completely depends on the severity of the rot.
How To Tell If Fin Rot Is Getting Better?
There are several signs that the betta fish shows when it started healing
- All the dark patches on the edges of the fins start’s disappearing.
- Where the fins are fallen and empty space was left a transparent membrane starts coming out which shows that new fins started coming out and will recover very soon.
- All the discoloration which has appeared now will be replaced by its original colors.
Is Fin Rot Contagious To Betta Fin Mates?
Yes, it is very contagious to other fish mates as it is caused by fungi and bacteria. When noticed that your fish is suffering from a disease then you should immediately clean the water and isolate the affected fish and follow the above-mentioned procedure else it can lead to very dangerous situations and cause various complication’s
Can Fin Rot Kill A Betta?
In most cases, if you start the treatment even in the severe stages there is a high chance that the betta fish may survive. But if the condition is very severe and is left untreated then the fish will definitely die. Now again it totally depends on the severity and depends on fish to fish because it also depends on various factors and the immune system.
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